Past Research Group

Electrification Suite and Test Lab

In Phase II of TUMCREATE, The Energy and Power Systems Group (EPSG) was called Electrification Suite and Test Lab (ESTL). Its work was centred around the integration of electric public transport into the power system.

Project Details

Status

Completed

Type

Research group

Overview

In Phase II of TUMCREATE, The Energy and Power Systems Group (EPSG) was called Electrification Suite and Test Lab (ESTL).

Its work was centred around the integration of electric public transport into the power system. Demand side management strategies were developed and alternative sources of energy to make public transport greener as well as storage options were considered.

Research

Charging infrastructure and strategies

We develop smart charging strategies and a charging infrastructure for electric public transport vehicles including the SRT. This builds on our work in Phase I when we developed smart charging strategies for private electric vehicles. The term smart charging refers to the power system as well as to the in-vehicle battery. That means, the battery is preferably charged when market electricity prices (and consequently the load) are lower and the charging process itself is gentle on the battery with minimal reduction of the battery’s lifetime. In contrast to private vehicles, public transport vehicles such as taxis or buses have low standstill times and high mileage therefore require to be charged at high power. This makes smart charging much more challenging. Our research in this area focuses on smart charging strategies and an optimal charging infrastructure for public electric transport vehicles.

Demand side management for efficient operation of the electric transport system

Even if smart charging is applied, charging of electric vehicles leads to higher overall power demand. Especially the additional power demand for fast charging can be a challenge to grid operation. The purpose of our research is to minimise the grid impact of the electrification of public transport. Therefore, we first identify demand hot spots by analysing buildings and traffic. The results are used to identify strategies for optimal scheduling of electric loads, i.e. consumers of electricity. These measures are called demand side management and demand response and they can be applied to all kinds of consumers of electricity such as buildings, electric transport etc. We implement software tools and develop hardware demonstrators to demonstrate our results in real-life applications.

Integration of renewables for a sustainable transport system

Electrifying the transport system lowers local emissions of heat, noise and pollutants. Due to the high efficiency of electric motors, energy demand and consequently overall emissions decrease as well. However, in order to make electric vehicles more sustainable and to significantly reduce emissions, particularly of greenhouse gases such as CO2, increased share of renewable sources for electricity generation is essential. In Singapore, the kind of renewable source of energy with the highest potential is solar photovoltaics (PV). However, rapid changes of weather conditions are common in Singapore. Hence, the solar irradiance could drop to zero all over Singapore within minutes. Consequently, electricity generation from PV would quickly drop to zero as well. We work on the integration of PV and possible measures to cope with rapid changes of electricity production from PV. In this context, we consider both vehicle batteries and stationary storage systems for load and supply balancing and other services.

Further information

Please go to the EPSD webpage for further information about research in energy and power systems at TUMCREATE, including projects and current team members.

Team

Fifteen research fellows and research associates contributed to the research in ESTL, supported by more than 50 students who did their Master and Bachelor theses or internships at TUMCREATE.

Programme Principal Investigators

Project Principal Investigator and Department Head

Research Fellows and Research Associates

People without links do not have a profile page on tum-create.edu.sg.

Publications

  1. [70] A. Lamprecht, A. Garikapati, S. Narayanaswamy, J. Machleid, and S. Steinhorst, “On the Efficacy of SoC-preconditioning on the Utilization of Battery Packs in Electric Vehicles,” Microprocessors and Microsystems, vol. 88, Elsevier, article no. 103711, Feb. 2022 (first online in Jan. 2021), ISSN: 0141-9331, DOI: 10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103711.   
  2. [69] S. Troitzsch, K. Zhang, T. Massier, and T. Hamacher, “Coordinated Market Clearing for Combined Thermal and Electric Distribution Grid Operation,” in Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE PES General Meeting, Washington, D.C., USA: IEEE, Jul. 2021, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM46819.2021.9637984.   
  3. [67] A. Ahmed, E. Pompodakis, and T. Massier, “Optimal Operation of Islanded AC/DC Hybrid Microgrids,” in Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE PES General Meeting, Washington, D.C., USA: IEEE, Jul. 2021, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM46819.2021.9638147.   
  4. [66] E. Pompodakis, A. Ahmed, and M. C. Alexiadis, “A Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Approach for 4-Wire Multi-Grounded Unbalanced Microgrids with Bare Overhead Conductors,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 36, no. 3, IEEE, pp. 2293–2303, May 2021, ISSN: 1558-0679, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2020.3029053.   
  5. [63] F. Trocker, O. Teichert, M. Gallet, A. Ongel, and M. Lienkamp, “City-scale Assessment of Stationary Energy Storage Supporting End-station Fast Charging for Different Bus-fleet Electrification Levels,” Journal of Energy Storage, vol. 32, Elsevier, article no. 101794, Dec. 2020, ISSN: 2352-152X, DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2020.101794.   
  6. [62] A. Trpovski, P. Banerjee, Y. Xu, and T. Hamacher, “A Hybrid Optimization Method for Distribution System Expansion Planning with Lithium-ion Battery Energy Storage Systems,” in Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE Sustainable Power and Energy Conference (iSPEC), Chengdu, China: IEEE, Nov. 2020, pp. 2015–2021, DOI: 10.1109/iSPEC50848.2020.9351208.   
  7. [61] K. Zhang, S. Troitzsch, T. Massier, R. Migné, E. S. P. Teh, V. K. Advani, M. Cassat, Y. Xu, and K. J. Tseng, “Towards City-integrated Distributed Generation: Platform for Interconnected Micro-grid Operation (PRIMO),” in Proceedings of IECON 2020 – The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IES), Singapore: IEEE, Oct. 2020, pp. 3791–3796, DOI: 10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9255134.   
  8. [60] A. Trpovski and T. Hamacher, “Ring Distribution System Expansion Planning using Scenario Based Mixed Integer Programming,” in Proceedings of the IEEE Transmission & Distribution 2020 Conference and Exhibition, Chicago, IL: IEEE, Oct. 2020, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/TD39804.2020.9299971.   
  9. [59] S. Troitzsch, K. Zhang, and T. Hamacher, “Distribution Locational Marginal Pricing for Combined Thermal and Electric Grid Operation,” in Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, Europe, The Hague, Netherlands: IEEE, Oct. 2020, pp. 874–878, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Europe47291.2020.9248832.   
  10. [58] A. Ahmed, T. Massier, F. Stevens McFadden, and R. Rayudu, “Weather-Dependent AC Power Flow Algorithms,” in Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), Detroit, MI: IEEE, Oct. 2020, pp. 1–8, DOI: 10.1109/IAS44978.2020.9334814.   
  11. [57] S. Troitzsch, B. Krishna, T. P. Huynh, A. Moine, S. Hanif, J. Fonseca, and T. Hamacher, “Optimal Electric-distribution-grid Planning considering the Demand-side Flexibility of Thermal Building Systems for a Test Case in Singapore,” Applied Energy, vol. 23, Elsevier, article no. 114917, Sep. 2020, ISSN: 0306-2619, DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114917.   
  12. [56] E. Regnath, N. Shivaraman, S. Shanker, A. Easwaran, and S. Steinhorst, “Blockchain, What Time Is It? Trustless Datetime Synchronization for IoT,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Omni-layer Intelligent Systems (COINS) 2020, Barcelona, Spain: IEEE, Sep. 2020, DOI: 10.1109/COINS49042.2020.9191420.   
  13. [55] A. Lamprecht, M. Riesterer, and S. Steinhorst, “Random Forest Regression of Charge Balancing Data: A State of Health Estimation Method for Electric Vehicle Batteries,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Omni-layer Intelligent Systems (COINS) 2020, Barcelona, Spain: IEEE, Sep. 2020, DOI: 10.1109/COINS49042.2020.9191421.   
  14. [54] S. Troitzsch and T. Hamacher, “Control-oriented Thermal Building Modelling,” in Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE PES General Meeting, Montreal, QC, Canada: IEEE, Aug. 2020, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM41954.2020.9281503.   
  15. [53] N. Shivaraman, S. Ramanathan, S. Shanker, A. Easwaran, and S. Steinhorst, “DeCoRIC: Decentralized Connected Resilient IoT Clustering,” in Proceedings of the 2020 29th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN), Honolulu, HI: IEEE, Aug. 2020, DOI: 10.1109/ICCCN49398.2020.9209755.   
  16. [52] A. Ahmed, F. Stevens McFadden, R. Rayudu, and T. Massier, “A Sensitivity Framework to Assess the Impact of Weather on Electric Power Networks,” in Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE PES General Meeting, Montreal, QC, Canada: IEEE, Aug. 2020, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM41954.2020.9281900.   
  17. [51] K. Zhang, S. Troitzsch, S. Hanif, and T. Hamacher, “Coordinated Market Design for Peer-to-peer Energy Trade and Ancillary Services in Distribution Grids,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 11, no. 4, IEEE, pp. 2929–2941, Jul. 2020, ISSN: 1949-3061, DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2020.2966216.   
  18. [50] N. Shivaraman, P. Schuster, S. Ramanathan, A. Easwaran, and S. Steinhorst, “Poster Abstract: C-Sync: The Resilient Time Synchronization Protocol,” in Proceedings of the 2020 19th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN), Sydney, Australia: IEEE, Apr. 2020, pp. 333–334, DOI: 10.1109/IPSN48710.2020.00-20.   
  19. [49] N. Shivaraman, J. Fittler, S. Ramanathan, A. Easwaran, and S. Steinhorst, “WiP Abstract: Mobility-based Load Balancing for IoT-enabled Devices in Smart Grids,” in Proceedings of the 2020 ACM/IEEE 11th International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems (ICCPS), Sydney, Australia: IEEE, Apr. 2020, pp. 192–193, DOI: 10.1109/ICCPS48487.2020.00029.   
  20. [48] N. Shivaraman, S. Suriyasekaran, Z. Liu, S. Ramanathan, A. Easwaran, and S. Steinhorst, “Real-time Energy Monitoring in IoT-enabled Mobile Devices,” in Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation Test in Europe (DATE) 2020, Grenoble, France: IEEE, Mar. 2020, pp. 991–994, DOI: 10.23919/DATE48585.2020.9116577.   
  21. [47] S. Candas, K. Zhang, and T. Hamacher, “A Comparative Study of Benders Decomposition and ADMM for Decentralized Optimal Power Flow,” in Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, Washington, D.C., USA: IEEE, Feb. 2020, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT45199.2020.9087777.  
  22. [46] A. Ahmed, F. Stevens McFadden, R. Rayudu, and T. Massier, “Investigation of the Impact of Weather on Multi-machine Transient Stability Analysis,” in Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, Washington, D.C., USA: IEEE, Feb. 2020, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT45199.2020.9087697.  
  23. [45] K. Zhang, S. Hanif, C. Hackl, and T. Hamacher, “A Framework for Multi-regional Real-time Pricing in Distribution Grids,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 10, no. 6, IEEE, pp. 6826–6838, Nov. 2019, ISSN: 1949-3061, DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2019.2911996.  
  24. [44] M. Gallet, T. Massier, and D. Zehe, “Developing a Large-scale Microscopic Model of Electric Public Bus Operation and Charging,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), Hanoi, Vietnam: IEEE, Oct. 2019, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/VPPC46532.2019.8952361
  25. [42] A. Trpovski and T. Hamacher, “A Comparative Analysis of Transmission System Planning for Overhead and Underground Power Systems using AC and DC Power Flow,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, Europe, Bucharest, Romania: IEEE, Sep. 2019, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/ISGTEurope.2019.8905510.  
  26. [41] S. Hanif, P. Creutzburg, H. B. Gooi, and T. Hamacher, “Pricing Mechanism for Flexible Loads Using Distribution Grid Hedging Rights,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 34, no. 5, IEEE, pp. 4048–4059, Sep. 2019, ISSN: 1558-0679, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2018.2862149.   
  27. [40] A. Ahmed, F. Stevens McFadden, R. Rayudu, and T. Massier, “Weather-dependent Transient Stability Analysis of Single-machine Infinite-bus System,” in Proceedings of the 54th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Bucharest, Romania: IEEE, Sep. 2019, pp. 1–6, DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2019.8893566.  
  28. [39] A. Ahmed and T. Massier, “Impact of Climate Change and High PV Penetration on Power Factor Profile,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS), Baltimore, MD, USA: IEEE, Sep. 2019, pp. 1–6, DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2019.8911945.  
  29. [38] K. Zhang, S. Hanif, S. Troitzsch, and T. Hamacher, “Day-ahead Energy Trade Scheduling for Multiple Microgrids with Network Constraints,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES General Meeting, Atlanta, GA, USA: IEEE, Aug. 2019, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973609.  
  30. [37] A. Trpovski and T. Hamacher, “Scenario Based N–1 Transmission Expansion Planning using DC Mixed Integer Programming,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES General Meeting, Atlanta, GA, USA: IEEE, Aug. 2019, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973506.  
  31. [36] S. Troitzsch, S. Hanif, K. Zhang, A. Trpovski, and T. Hamacher, “Flexible Distribution Grid Demonstrator (FLEDGE): Requirements and Software Architecture,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES General Meeting, Atlanta, GA, USA: IEEE, Aug. 2019, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973567.  
  32. [35] A. Lamprecht, A. Garikapati, S. Narayanaswamy, and S. Steinhorst, “Enhancing Battery Pack Capacity Utilization in Electric Vehicle Fleets via SoC-preconditioning,” in Proceedings of the Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design 2019, Kallithea, Greece: IEEE, Aug. 2019, pp. 359–364, DOI: 10.1109/DSD.2019.00059.  
  33. [34] S. Hanif, K. Zhang, and T. Hamacher, “Coordinated Market Mechanism for Economic Dispatch in Active Distribution Grids,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES General Meeting, Atlanta, GA, USA: IEEE, Aug. 2019, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM40551.2019.8973817.  
  34. [33] J. Szcześniak, T. Massier, M. Gallet, and A. Sharma, “Optimal Electric Bus Charging Scheduling for Local Balancing of Fluctuations in PV Generation,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Asia, Chengdu, China: IEEE, May 2019, pp. 2799–2804, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2019.8881445.  
  35. [32] S. Hanif, K. Zhang, C. Hackl, M. Barati, H. B. Gooi, and T. Hamacher, “Decomposition and Equilibrium Achieving Distribution Locational Marginal Prices using Trust-region Method,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 10, no. 3, IEEE, pp. 3269–3281, May 2019, ISSN: 1949-3061, DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2018.2822766.  
  36. [31] A. Ahmed, F. Stevens McFadden, R. Rayudu, and T. Massier, “Dynamic Conductor Temperature Modelling and Analysis of a Distribution Network with PV,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Asia, Chengdu, China: IEEE, May 2019, pp. 1889–1894, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2019.8881252.  
  37. [30] R. Sellmair and T. Schelo, “Analysis of the Effect of Charging Infrastructure Design on Electric Taxi Driving Profiles: A Case Study Approach on the Example of Singapore,” International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, vol. 13, no. 7, Taylor & Francis, pp. 479–496, Mar. 2019, ISSN: 1556-8318, DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2018.1485792.   
  38. [29] A. Lamprecht, M. Baumann, T. Massier, and S. Steinhorst, “Decentralized Non-neighbor Active Charge Balancing in Large Battery Packs,” in Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE) 2019, Florence, Italy: IEEE, Mar. 2019, pp. 432–437, DOI: 10.23919/DATE.2019.8714894
  39. [28] K. Zhang, S. Hanif, and T. Hamacher, “Decentralized Voltage Support in a Competitive Energy Market,” in Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, Washington, D.C.: IEEE, Feb. 2019, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2019.8791571.  
  40. [27] M. Gallet, T. Massier, and T. Hamacher, “Estimation of the Energy Demand of Electric Buses Based on Real-world Data for Large-scale Public Transport Networks,” Applied Energy, vol. 230, Elsevier, pp. 344–356, Nov. 2018, ISSN: 0306-2619, DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.086.  
  41. [26] A. Trpovski, D. F. Recalde Melo, and T. Hamacher, “Synthetic Distribution Grid Generation Using Power System Planning: Case Study of Singapore,” in Proceedings of the 53rd International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Glasgow: IEEE, Sep. 2018, pp. 1–6, DOI: 10.1109/UPEC.2018.8542054.  
  42. [25] S. Troitzsch, S. Hanif, and T. Hamacher, “Distributed Robust Reserve Scheduling in Congested Distribution Systems,” in Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE PES General Meeting, Portland, OR, USA: IEEE, Aug. 2018, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2018.8586650.   
  43. [24] S. Hanif, M. Barati, A. Kagrarian, H. B. Gooi, and T. Hamacher, “Multiphase Distribution Locational Marginal Prices: Approximation and Decomposition,” in Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE PES General Meeting, Portland, OR, USA: IEEE, Aug. 2018, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2018.8585925.   
  44. [23] K. Zhang, D. F. Recalde Melo, T. Massier, and T. Hamacher, “Charging Demonstrator for Ancillary Service Provision in Smart Grids,” in Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Asia, Singapore: IEEE, May 2018, pp. 988–993, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2018.8467795.  
  45. [22] K. Zhang, D. F. Recalde Melo, T. Massier, and T. Hamacher, “Fast Online Distributed Voltage Support in Distribution Grids using Consensus Algorithm,” in Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Asia, Singapore: IEEE, May 2018, pp. 350–355, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2018.8467821.  
  46. [21] D. F. Recalde Melo, A. Trpovski, S. Troitzsch, K. Zhang, S. Hanif, and T. Hamacher, “A Review of Operation Methods and Simulation Requirements for Future Smart Distribution Grids,” in Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Asia, Singapore: IEEE, May 2018, pp. 475–480, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2018.8467850.   
  47. [20] D. F. Recalde Melo, A. Trippe, H. B. Gooi, and T. Massier, “Robust Electric Vehicle Aggregation for Ancillary Service Provision Considering Battery Aging,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 9, no. 3, IEEE, pp. 1728–1738, May 2018, ISSN: 1949-3061, DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2016.2598851.  
  48. [19] A. Lamprecht, S. Narayanaswamy, and S. Steinhorst, “Improving Fast Charging Efficiency of Reconfigurable Battery Packs,” in Proceedings of the Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE) 2018, Dresden: IEEE, Mar. 2018, pp. 585–588, DOI: 10.23919/DATE.2018.8342075
  49. [18] T. Massier, D. F. Recalde Melo, R. Sellmair, M. Gallet, and T. Hamacher, “Electrification of Road Transport in Singapore and its Integration into the Power System,” Energy Technology, vol. 6, no. 1, John Wiley & Sons VCH, pp. 21–32, Jan. 2018, ISSN: 2194-4296, DOI: 10.1002/ente.201700652.  
  50. [15] S. Hanif, H. B. Gooi, T. Massier, T. Hamacher, and T. Reindl, “Distributed Congestion Management of Distribution Grids under Robust Flexible Buildings Operations,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 32, no. 6, IEEE, pp. 4600–4613, Nov. 2017, ISSN: 1558-0679, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2017.2660065.  
  51. [14] S. Ramachandran, Z. Yao, S. You, T. Massier, U. Stimming, and C.-H. Wang, “Life Cycle Assessment of a Sewage Sludge and Woody Biomass Co-gasification System,” Energy, vol. 137, Elsevier, pp. 369–376, Oct. 2017, ISSN: 0360-5442, DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.04.139.   
  52. [13] J. Stich, S. Ramachandran, T. Hamacher, and U. Stimming, “Techno-economic Estimation of the Power Generation Potential from Biomass Residues in Southeast Asia,” Energy, vol. 135, Elsevier, pp. 930–942, Sep. 2017, ISSN: 0360-5442, DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.162.  
  53. [12] D. F. Recalde Melo, W. Leguizamon, T. Massier, and H. B. Gooi, “Optimal Distribution Feeder Reconfiguration for Integration of Electric Vehicles,” in Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference – Latin America, Quito: IEEE, Sep. 2017, pp. 1–6, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-LA.2017.8126702.   
  54. [11] A. Trpovski, D. F. Recalde Melo, T. Hamacher, and T. Massier, “Stochastic Optimization for Distribution Grid Reconfiguration with High Photovoltaic Penetration,” in Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering, Oshawa, Canada: IEEE, Aug. 2017, pp. 67–73, DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2017.8052778.  
  55. [10] S. Hanif, T. Massier, H. B. Gooi, T. Hamacher, and T. Reindl, “Cost Optimal Integration of Flexible Buildings in Congested Distribution Grids,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 32, no. 3, IEEE, pp. 2254–2266, May 2017, ISSN: 1558-0679, DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2605921.  
  56. [8] J. Stich, T. Hamacher, M. Müller, H. Hesse, and A. Jossen, “Sustainable Power Supply Options for Large Islands – A Case Study for Belitung Island,” in Proceedings of the 6th Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Asia Conference, Melbourne: IEEE, Dec. 2016, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2016.7796414.   
  57. [7] J. Stich and T. Hamacher, “The Cost-effectiveness of Power Generation from Geothermal Potentials in Indonesia and the Philippines,” in Proceedings of the 6th Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Asia Conference, Melbourne: IEEE, Dec. 2016, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT-Asia.2016.7796382.   
  58. [6] K. Schönsteiner, T. Massier, and T. Hamacher, “Sustainable Transport by Use of Alternative Marine and Aviation Fuels – A Well-to-tank Analysis to Assess Interactions with Singapore’s Energy System,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 65, Elsevier, pp. 853–871, Nov. 2016, ISSN: 1364-0321, DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.027.  
  59. [5] S. Hanif, C. Grüntgens, T. Massier, T. Hamacher, and T. Reindl, “Cost-optimal Operation for a Flexible Building with Local PV in a Singaporean Environment,” in Proceedings of the 7th Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference North America, Minneapolis: IEEE, Sep. 2016, DOI: 10.1109/ISGT.2016.7781232.   
  60. [4] S. Hanif, T. Massier, T. Hamacher, and T. Reindl, “Evaluating Demand Response in the Presence of Solar PV: Distribution Grid Perspective,” in Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering, Oshawa, Canada: IEEE, Aug. 2016, DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2016.7589558.   
  61. [3] S. Hanif, D. F. Recalde Melo, M. Maasoumy, T. Massier, T. Hamacher, and T. Reindl, “Robust Reserve Capacity Provision and Peak Load Reduction from Buildings in Smart Grids,” in Proceedings of the 2016 PES General Meeting, Boston: IEEE, Jul. 2016, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741399.   
  62. [2] S. Hanif, C. Grüntgens, T. Massier, T. Hamacher, and T. Reindl, “Quantifying the Effect on the Load Shifting Potential of Buildings due to Ancillary Service Provision,” in Proceedings of the 2016 PES General Meeting, Boston: IEEE, Jul. 2016, pp. 1–5, DOI: 10.1109/PESGM.2016.7741402.   
  63. [1] K. Siala and J. Stich, “Estimation of the PV Potential in ASEAN with a High Spatial and Temporal Resolution,” Renewable Energy, vol. 88, Elsevier, pp. 445–456, Apr. 2016, ISSN: 0960-1481, DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.11.061.   
  64. [3] T. Massier, “Robust Distribution Grid Operation in the Presence of Fast Charging Electric Vehicles,” Panel session at the 2020 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference, Washington, D.C., USA, Feb. 2020.   
  65. [1] R. Kochhan and R. Sellmair, “Economic Evaluation of Electric Taxis in Megacities – Example of Singapore,” in Proceedings of the 2016 Electric Vehicle Symposium & Exhibition (EVS 29), Montréal, Québec, Canada, Jun. 2016.   
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